This project aims to analyse the formulation and implementation of Indonesia’s laws and policy on refugees andasylum seekers, by utilising original empirical research, to understand better the ‘Indonesian state’, its perceptions and responses to these issues nationally, regionally, and under the bilateral relationship with Australia. It utilises concepts of responsibility, security and regionalism to generate new knowledge in the areas of refugee protection, human security and regionalism in Southeast Asia. Expected benefits are strengthened institutional collaboration with Indonesian academics and policy-makers and fresh thinking on responsible regional solutions for refugee protection.